LC556

Description

Contents and Nonclinical Research Context

L-CARNITINE

CAS#: 541-15-1
FORMULA: C7H15NO3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 161.2 g/mol

Liver injury in rats: In a rat model involving interrupted liver blood flow followed by restoration of circulation, L-carnitine pretreatment reduced serum AST activity—a marker of tissue injury—compared with untreated injury controls. The findings supported a protective effect within this experimental model. [1]

METHIONINE

CAS#: 63-68-3
FORMULA: C5H11NO2S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 149.21 g/mol

Glutathione availability in mice: In a mouse study examining dietary methionine and acetaminophen toxicity, methionine deficiency reduced liver glutathione levels and increased susceptibility to acetaminophen-induced liver injury. This finding concerns the consequences of methionine deficiency rather than benefits from supplementation above nutritional requirements. [2]

INOSITOL

CAS#: 87-89-8
FORMULA: C6H12O6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 180.16 g/mol

Vascular permeability in diabetic rats: In rats with experimentally induced diabetes, dietary myo-inositol reduced the increased passage of albumin across blood vessels in several tissues in a dose-dependent manner. Complete normalization occurred only in certain tissues under the tested conditions. [3]

CHOLINE

CAS#: 62-49-7
FORMULA: C5H14NO+
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 104.17 g/mol

Liver-fat accumulation in mice: In weanling mice fed a maize-and-vegetable diet designed to model undernutrition, choline supplementation prevented the liver-fat accumulation observed in mice receiving the unsupplemented diet. [4]

ATP

CAS#: 56-65-5
FORMULA: C10H16N5O13P3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 507.18 g/mol

Wound repair in rabbits: In a rabbit ear-wound model, magnesium ATP encapsulated in lipid vesicles accelerated granulation-tissue formation and wound closure compared with Regranex-treated wounds, including wounds with reduced blood supply. These findings apply specifically to the encapsulated ATP formulation studied. [5]

ALBUTEROL

CAS#: 18559-94-9
FORMULA: C13H21NO3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 293.31 g/mol

Skeletal-muscle changes in rats: In a 14-day study of rat soleus muscle, salbutamol increased the size of all muscle-fiber types in normally innervated muscle and increased the proportion of type II fibers. These were structural muscle findings within the experimental model. [6]

B12 (METHYLCOBALAMIN)

CAS#: 13422-55-4
FORMULA: C63H91CoN13O14P
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 1344.38 g/mol

Nerve remyelination in rats: In a rat model of chemically induced sciatic-nerve demyelination, methylcobalamin promoted restoration of myelin—the insulating sheath surrounding nerve fibers—and improved motor and sensory functional recovery. [7]

References

1.L-Carnitine: The protective effect of L-carnitine on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

2.Methionine: Effects of dietary methionine and ethanol on acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in mice.

3.Myo-inositol: Modulation of hemodynamic and vascular filtration changes in diabetic rats by dietary myo-inositol.

4.Choline: Choline Supplementation Prevents a Hallmark Disturbance of Kwashiorkor in Weanling Mice Fed a Maize Vegetable Diet: Hepatic Steatosis of Undernutrition.

5.ATP: Rapid Granulation Tissue Regeneration by Intracellular ATP Delivery—A Comparison with Regranex.

6.Albuterol/salbutamol: Effect of salbutamol on innervated and denervated rat soleus muscle.

7.Vitamin B12/methylcobalamin: Methylcobalamin promotes the differentiation of Schwann cells and remyelination in lysophosphatidylcholine-induced demyelination of the rat sciatic nerve.